The keto diet focuses on high fat, low carb foods. Some recommended foods include seafood, meat and poultry, eggs, cheese, plain Greek yogurt and cottage cheese, cream and half-and-half, unsweetened plant-based milk, green leafy vegetables, peppers, and summer squash. These foods are generally low in carbs and high in fat or protein.
Foods to Include in a Keto Diet
If you’re planning to adopt a keto diet, it’s essential to know what foods you can and can’t include in your meal plan. The keto diet is a high-fat, low-carb eating plan that aims to put your body in a state of ketosis, where it burns fat instead of glucose. As such, it’s crucial to consume foods that are both low in carbs and rich in healthy fats and proteins. Related Article: Keto Diet Plan
Low-Carb Vegetables
Here are some recommended foods that you should include in your keto diet:
Protein-Rich Meats and Fish
The keto diet places a significant focus on consuming protein-rich foods that are low in carbs. Here are some of the best sources of protein:
High-Fat Nuts and Seeds
Low-carb vegetables play an integral role in providing your body with vital nutrients and fiber while keeping total carb intake low. Here are some examples of vegetables suitable for the keto diet:
- A research conducted in 2019 suggested that 75-80% of calories need to come from fat, 10-20% from protein, and 5-10% from carbs in a standard ketogenic diet.
- An observational study in over 13,000 adults revealed that those consuming the highest amount of dietary fat were 61% less likely to have diabetes than those consuming the lowest.
- The Journal of Nutrition and Metabolism reports that eggs — a staple food in the keto diet — are known not just for their high-quality protein content but also for inducing feelings of fullness, aiding in weight loss.
Dairy Products
Seafood like fish and shellfish are carb-free and rich in nutrients like B vitamins and omega-3 fats. Fish is a recommended protein source, preferably consumed three times a week. Baking fish is an easy method, and options like salmon, tilapia, wild sardines, and smoked sprats are nutrient-dense choices.
Meat and poultry are low in carbs and provide essential vitamins and minerals. Examples include beef, pork, lamb, chicken, turkey and duck. Grass-fed options may be optimal due to higher levels of nutrients like omega-3 fatty acids, although this can be more expensive.
Eggs are another healthy protein source that can trigger feelings of fullness. They contain various vitamins and minerals that the body needs to function correctly. Enjoy them boiled, scrambled or fried.
Organ meats like liver and heart are not only low-carb but also packed with essential nutrients such as iron & vitamin A. These organ meats may not appeal to everyone’s taste buds but can be cooked into stews or casseroles.
Vegetarian sources of protein for those following a vegetarian keto diet include tofu, tempeh, soy-based products such as veggie sausages, quorn mince, seitan & lupin flour.
Now let’s take a look at some high-fat nuts and seeds that can form part of your keto diet.
Fats and Oils: The Keto Essentials
- Broccoli: This cruciferous vegetable is packed with antioxidants and fiber, making it one of the healthiest vegetables available.
- Leafy greens: Spinach, kale, bok choy, mustard greens are rich sources of vitamins A and C and other micronutrients.
- Cauliflower: This versatile vegetable can be used as a pizza crust alternative or mashed potatoes substitute that won’t kick you out of ketosis!
- Asparagus: This spring vegetable is low in carbs and high in nutrients like folate, vitamin K, and antioxidants.
- Eggplant: This vegetable is a great source of dietary fiber and micronutrients, including potassium, vitamins B1, and B6.
- Bell Peppers: These are technically fruits but treated as vegetables. They’re loaded with vitamin C & carotenoids that have potent antioxidant properties.
The key takeaway here is that an ideal keto food list should comprise protein-rich foods like meats and fish, leafy greens, high-fat dairy products, nuts and seeds while limiting carb intake to stay within the state of ketosis.
Options for Keto-Friendly Snacking
High-fat nuts and seeds are excellent additions to any keto diet due to their nutritional value. Nuts are generally rich in fat (good fat), fiber & low in carbs compared to other snacks.
Macadamia nuts are one of the richest sources of monounsaturated fats (MUFAs); they’re low in carbs, high in protein and fiber, magnesium, and potassium. They are ideal for satisfying hunger in between meals.
Almonds are an excellent snack option due to their versatility. They contain healthy fats, protein & fiber while being low in carbs. They can be eaten raw or roasted but should be unsalted.
Pecans are another popular tree nut that’s low in carbs and high in healthy fat. They make great toppings for salads or used to bake keto desserts such as pecan pies or crusts.
Walnuts have more polyunsaturated fats (PUFAs) than other nuts and have been shown to help lower cholesterol levels & improve brain function.
Chia seeds and flaxseeds are rich sources of fiber and omega-3 fatty acids while being low in net carbs. These seeds can be added to porridge, smoothies, baked into keto bread or pudding.
For example, a go-to easy breakfast option is chia seed pudding made by mixing chia seeds with almond milk and allowing the mixture to sit overnight, forming a creamy texture.
Foods to Avoid on a Keto Diet
Dairy products are an excellent way to increase your fat intake while keeping protein consumption in check. Remember, low-fat dairy products are discouraged when following a keto diet. Instead, one should opt for high-fat dairy items such as:
- Cheese: Cheese is perfect for keto-friendly meals and snacks because it’s rich in healthy fats and contains negligible amounts of carbs. Cheddar, feta, brie, gouda, and parmesan are all fantastic keto-friendly cheese options.
- Butter: Butter is a tasty source of healthy fats that can be added to veggies or used in cooking. Look for unsalted butter to avoid consuming excess sodium.
- Heavy Cream: Heavy cream is a useful ingredient for adding flavor to keto recipes such as sauces and desserts.
- Cream Cheese: Cream cheese adds necessary fat to your meals and makes for a great snack on its own or paired with other keto-friendly foods like avocados or smoked salmon.
- Cottage Cheese: Cottage cheese is an excellent source of protein that can be enjoyed in moderation on the keto diet. Be sure to choose full-fat cottage cheese with minimal sugar content.
It’s worth noting that some people may experience lactose intolerance or dairy allergies that could impact their choice of dairy products. Additionally, dairy-free alternatives like almond milk, coconut milk, and soy milk can be incorporated into the diet as well.
Making Keto Lifestyle Food Choices
Fats and oils are essential components of the ketogenic diet as they provide energy for the body while keeping you feeling satiated between meals. However, there are certain types of fats that are more conducive to the keto diet than others. Here are some examples:
- Olive Oil: Extra-virgin olive oil (EVOO) is a common Mediterranean condiment that has monounsaturated fats making it an excellent oil choice for the keto diet. EVOO also has anti-inflammatory properties, which makes it even more beneficial.
- Coconut Oil: Coconut oil is known for its medium-chain triglycerides (MCTs) that are quickly metabolized by the body and can provide an instant energy boost.
- Avocado Oil: Avocado oil has a high smoke point which makes it ideal for cooking, and like olive oil, is rich in monounsaturated fats.
- Ghee: Ghee is clarified butter, which means it is free from any lactose or milk solids. Ghee also has no carbs and provides a healthy dose of saturated fat, making it perfect for keto cooking.
- Nuts and seeds: Some nuts and seeds are high in fat and low in carbs, making them great snacks for keto dieters. Examples include almonds, macadamia nuts, walnuts, chia seeds, flaxseeds among others.
When selecting oils for the ketogenic diet, avoid vegetable oils that are high in omega-6 fatty acids as they are thought to cause inflammation. Examples of these undesirable oils include soybean oil, corn oil and sunflower oil among others.
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)
Are there any restrictions or guidelines regarding alcohol consumption on the keto diet?
Yes, there are restrictions and guidelines regarding alcohol consumption on the keto diet. Alcohol is metabolized differently in the body, and it can interfere with the process of ketosis. Additionally, alcoholic beverages often contain carbohydrates that can hinder your progress on the keto diet. It’s recommended to limit or avoid alcohol altogether to achieve optimal results.
Can you consume dairy products while following a keto diet?
Yes, you can consume dairy products while following a keto diet. Dairy products like cheese, butter, and heavy cream are low in carbs and high in fat, making them suitable for the ketogenic diet. They provide essential nutrients like calcium and protein, which promote bone health and satiety. However, it is important to choose full-fat versions of dairy products to ensure they align with the high-fat requirements of a keto diet.
Are there any specific fruits that are allowed on the keto diet?
Yes, there are specific fruits that are allowed on the keto diet. Some low-carb fruits such as berries (strawberries, blueberries, raspberries), avocados, and olives are considered keto-friendly due to their low net carb content. For example, a cup of strawberries contains about 11 grams of net carbs while providing essential vitamins and fiber. These fruits can be enjoyed in moderation while keeping within the daily carb limits of a ketogenic diet.
What are some keto-friendly alternatives for grains and carbohydrates?
Some keto-friendly alternatives for grains and carbohydrates include cauliflower rice, zucchini noodles (zoodles), almond or coconut flour, and flaxseed meal. These alternatives are popular in the keto community because they are low in carbs and high in fiber, making them suitable for a ketogenic diet. Additionally, studies have shown that replacing high-carb foods with low-carb alternatives can help promote weight loss and improve metabolic markers such as blood sugar and insulin levels [1][2]. So, if you’re looking to reduce your carb intake on the keto diet, these alternatives can be a great way to satisfy your cravings while staying in ketosis.
[1] Bueno et al. (2013). Very-low-carbohydrate ketogenic diet v. low-fat diet for long-term weight loss: a meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials.
[2] Kandiah et al. (2018). Effects of a low carbohydrate diet on energy expenditure during weight loss maintenance: randomized trial.
What are some examples of high-protein foods that can be included in a keto diet?
Some examples of high-protein foods that can be included in a keto diet are eggs, lean meats like chicken and turkey, fatty fish like salmon and sardines, and dairy products like Greek yogurt and cheese. These foods are not only delicious but also provide essential amino acids and help in building and repairing muscles. For instance, one large egg contains around 6 grams of protein, while a 3-ounce serving of cooked salmon packs approximately 22 grams. Adding these high-protein options to your keto diet can contribute to satiety and support your overall health and weight-loss goals.